1) Aggressive Vs Defensive 

> Choose defensive way for investment

- Because in Aggressive investment have More risk More Reward and in Defensive investment have Low risk Medium return. According to Author (Benjamin Graham) Maximum time Medium or Low reward are better then to take High risk  

2) Mr. Market Concept

> Mr. Market means Stock Market. Mr. Market are give the opportunities to you for sales your business to him and purchase his businesses, But Mr. Market is the Moody person, he is normal but in the flow of emotion he sometime gives more than value or less than value. But the best part is Mr. Market never force, he will never force you to buy or sell your business at any price. He just gives opportunity.

- Therefore Benjamin says that if you want to be an intelligent investor then do business with Mr. Market when he is selling a business less than its actual value and sell when you are getting more than your actual business value

3) Defensive Investors (Also Known as Passive investor means who do very less trading)

> Benjamin Graham usually ask people to be a Defensive investors who play long term and play safe.

- Because fact is many people don't have enough time to do a research on one-one company and then study them and then come to a decision when to buy or sell the stocks.

* 9 Fundaments which will help you to become a great defensive investor.

- If you now many can find this 9 Fundaments very complicated hence there is an easy alternative tool known as low risk mutual funds and index funds.

Note : Now if you can be happy with an average return by keeping your expectation low which is taught to us by Benjamin and Warren then these 3 points along with last points is important.

But still you want to go to high returns then 4th point will help you.

4) Enterprising Investors

> Actually there are three types of investor 

1st - Defensive 

2nd - Aggressive 

3rd - Enterprising

The enterprising investor comes in between defensive and aggressive who do lot of research and invest their lot of time and then do investment. They are actually very active and hence usually then are the ones who able to beat the market.

> Along with there should be 4 more thing in such investors -

First : Patience

Second : Discipline

Third : Eagerness to Learn

Fourth : Lot of Time

* 4 Activities for become an enterprising investor.

5) Margin Of Safety

> Benjamin recommends, not to give more than 2/3rd of share value.

You must be aware that the price of a stock in the stock market is not as same as its real value. See maximum people's problem is that they buy 50 dollar value stock in 50 dollar only and expect that its price will rise in future and it will benefit them.

-However an intelligent investor is who keep margin of safety and buy that 50 dollar stock in 40 dollar and get profit immediately after buying it and don't need to be depend on the market.